The adsorption of IVP-325 additive, which is a deflocculating agent to prevent sedimentation of organo-dilutable water-containing systems from solutions in water, was studied on samples of carbon black and titanium dioxide. This anionic surfactant (surfactant), which does not contain organic solvents, has a wetting, antiflotation and dispersing effect on pigment particles and fillers. The surface tension isotherm of the IVP-325 additive from water has 2 stages corresponding to the formation of the first (KKM₁ ) and second (KKM₂ ) critical concentrations of micelle formation. With increasing concentration, surfactant molecules spontaneously assemble into stable spherical aggregates (Hartley micelles), then acquire the shape of an ellipsoid, then a cylinder and other shapes. The surface activity of the additive in relation to water at concentrations <KKM₁ is described by the Shishkovsky equation. The standard Gibbs micelle formation energy and the equation of state of the adsorption film are determined. Experimental isotherms for the adsorption of IVP-325 additives from water on carbon black samples K-354 and TU-339 are two-stage and have an S-shaped concave shape. This indicates both a strong competing adsorption of solvent (H2O) and the formation of micellar structures in the adsorption layer on the surface of the particles of the carbon black under study. The experimental adsorption isotherm of the IVP-325 additive from H2O on a sample of titanium dioxide R-838 also has an S-shaped concave two-stage shape, although not as clearly defined as in the case of carbon black. This indicates a strong competing adsorption of water, however, the amount of adsorption of the additive is several times less than in the case of samples K-354 and TU-339.

The main physical and mechanical properties of dry building mixtures have been determined. The technology of introducing the «core–shell» material into the building material has been developed. Comparative mechanical tests of building materials for adhesion, compressive strength and bending strength have been conducted. It has been established that introducing 2% PUAM into the building material improves the physical and mechanical properties of the finished binder.

An increase in the mechanical strength of protective and decorative silicate coatings on steel can be achieved by introducing theoretically justified and practically tested surfactants (surfactants) into the coating formulation, providing an increase in wetting and a decrease in interfacial tension at the metal-adhesive interface.

The results of the study of the physical and mechanical properties and heat resistance of organosilicate coatings prepared from the organosilicate composition OS-51-03m with hardeners of different nature (AGM-9 as well as silazanes MSN-7 and MFSN-B) are presented. It has been established that it takes from two to four weeks, depending on the selected hardener, to achieve a steady-state value of hardness for cold-curing organosilicate coatings. It is shown that the nature and content of hardeners in the studied concentration range (from 2.5 to 8.5 wt. %) do not have a significant effect on the hardness of the coatings (0.4–0.5 rel. units). It was found the relatively compared to the material in the coating volume, the relatively thin surface layer (less than 10 µm thick) has a higher hardness. Heat treatment of coatings at a temperature of 350 ºС for 4 hours leads to a decrease in hardness to 0.3–0.4 rel. units. However, this slight decrease in hardness is accompanied by a multiple increase in impact strength, independent of the nature of the hardener. The hardness of the surface layer and the bulk of the coating becomes the same.

Marine fouling is a significant problem not only for sailing ships, but also for fixed structures, including naval vessels and submarines that have been in docks or piers for a long time. At the same time, the vast majority of industrially produced coatings are intended for use on moving vessels. This article presents the experience of conducting field tests in different water areas on fixed samples and laboratory studies of several types of antifouling coatings. The relationship between the results of laboratory tests and natural tests is shown, and optimal conditions for providing field natural tests are given.