Plasma technology in the field of painting

   The basic plasma technologies used in the field of painting and equipment for their realization are considered. The efficiency of plasma treatment in surface cleaning before application of paint and varnish material, surface preparation of polymer objects for painting is shown. The peculiarities of plasma polymerization and its application for application of thin primer layers enhancing adhesion of coatings and encapsulation of corrosion inhibitors in order to use them as a substitute for toxic anticorrosion pigments are discussed.

1. Лебедев Ю.А. Введение в плазмохимию // Институт нефтехимического синтеза им. А.В. Топчиева РАН. Школа по плазмохимии для молодых ученых России и стран СНГ. 1994.

2. Weltmann K.D., Kolb J.F., Holub M. et. al. The future for plasma science and technology // Plasma Processes and Polymers. 2019. Vol. 16, N 1. 1800118.

3. Langmuir I. Oscillations in Ionized Gases // Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 1928. Vol. 14. P. 627, August.

4. Bonizzoni G., Vassallo E. Plasma physics and technology; industrial applications // Vacuum. 2002. Vol. 64, N 3–4. P. 327–336.

5. Kawai Y., Ikegami H., Sato N. et al. (ed.). Industrial plasma technology: Applications from environmental to energy technologies. John Wiley & Sons, 2010.

6. Wolf R. A. Atmospheric pressure plasma for surface modification. – John Wiley & Sons, 2012. – 260 p.

7. Winter J., Brandenburg R., Weltmann K. D. Atmospheric pressure plasma jets : an overview of devices and new directions // Plasma Sources Science and Technology. 2015. Vol. 24, N 6. 064001.

8. Бойко Н.И., Одарюк В.А., Сафонов А.В. Основные области применения в промышленности плазменных технологий // Технологии гражданской безопасности. 2015. Т. 12, № 4 (46). С. 70–73.

9. Акишев Ю.С. Низкотемпературная плазма при атмосферном давлении и ее возможности для приложений // Известия высших учебных заведений. Химия и химическая технология. 2019. Т. 62, № 8. С. 26–60.

10. Fridman A., Kennedy L.A. Plasma Physics and Engineering. New York, London: Taylor & Francis, 2004. 853 p.

11. Rahman Z., Rahman H., Rahman A. Classification and generation of atmospheric pressure plasma and its principle applications //Int. J. Math. Phys. Sci. Res.–2014. Vol. 2. P. 127-146.

12. Penkov O.V., Khadem M., Lim W.S. et. аl. A review of recent applications of atmospheric pressure plasma jets for materials processing // Journal of Coatings Technology and Research. 2015. Vol. 12. P. 225–235.

13. Wagner H.E., Brandenburg R., Kozlov K.V. et. аl. The barrier discharge: basic properties and applications to surface treatment // Vacuum. 2003. Vol. 71, N 3. P. 417–436.

14. Tendero C., Tixier C., Tristant P. et аl. Atmospheric pressure plasmas : A review // Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy. 2006. Vol. 61, N 1. P. 2–30.

15. Bárdos L., Baránková H. Cold atmospheric plasma: Sources, processes, and applications // Thin solid films. 2010. Vol. 518, N 23. P. 6705–6713.

16. Fanelli F. Thin film deposition and surface modification with atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharges // Surface and Coatings Technology. 2010. Vol. 205, N 5. P. 1536–1543.

17. Merche D., Vandencasteele N., Reniers F. Atmospheric plasmas for thin film deposition : A critical review // Thin Solid Films. 2012. Vol. 520, N 13. P. 4219–4236.

18. Kogelschatz U. Dielectric-barrier discharges: their history, discharge physics, and industrial applications // Plasma chemistry and plasma processing. 2003. Vol. 23, N 1. P. 1–46.

19. Cheng C., Liye Z., Zhan R.J. Surface modification of polymer fibre by the new atmospheric pressure cold plasma jet // Surface and Coatings Technology. 2006. Vol. 200, N 24. P. 6659–6665.

20. Ghasemi M., Olszewski P., Bradley J.W. et. al. Interaction of multiple plasma plumes in an atmospheric pressure plasma jet array // Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. 2013. Vol. 46, N 5. 052001.

21. Lieberman M.A., Lichtenberg A.J. Principles of plasma discharges and materials processing. J. Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, 2005.

22. Polini W., Sorrentino L. Adhesion of a protective coating on a surface of aluminium alloy treated by air cold plasma // International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives. 2007. Vol. 27, N 1. P. 1–8, 19.

23. Polini W., Sorrentino L. Analysis of adhesion in an aggressive environment of a protective paint coating on an aluminium alloy surface treated by air cold plasma // Journal of adhesion science and technology. 2004. Vol. 18, N 14. P. 1643–1661.

24. Ebnesajjad S., Ebnesajjad C. Surface treatment of materials for adhesive bonding. William Andrew, 2013.

25. Asgharifar M., Kong F., Abramovitch J. et al. Wettability characterization and adhesion enhancement of arc-treated surface of aluminum alloys // The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2014. Vol. 71. P. 1463–1481.

26. Cools P., De Geyter N., Vanderleyden E. et. al. Surface analysis of titanium cleaning and activation processes: Non-thermal plasma versus other techniques // Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing. 2014. Vol. 34. P. 917–932.

27. Fernandes J.C.S., Ferreira M.G.S., Haddow D.B. et. al. Plasma-polymerised coatings used as pre-treatment for aluminium alloys // Surface and Coatings Technology. 2002. Vol. 154, N 1. P. 8–13.

28. O’Kane D.F., Mittal K.L. Plasma cleaning of metal surfaces // J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 1974. Vol. 11, N 3. P. 567–569.

29. Mui T.S.M., Silva L.L.G., Prysiazhnyi V. et. al. Surface modification of aluminium alloys by atmospheric pressure plasma treatments for enhancement of their adhesion properties // Surface and Coatings Technology. 2017. Vol. 312. P. 32–36.

30. Shin D.H., Bang C.U., Kim J.H. et. al. Treatment of metal surface by atmospheric microwave plasma jet // IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science. 2006. Vol. 34, N 4. P. 1241–1246.

31. Pflugfelder C., Mainusch N., Hammer Viöl W. Cleaning of wall paintings and architectural surfaces by plasma // Plasma Processes and Polymers. 2007. Vol. 4, S1. S516–S521.

32. Zhijun W.A.N.G., Zhongwen C.H.E.N., Hao K.A.N. G. et. al. Investigation of paint removal by atmospheric pressure plasma jet // Plasma Science and Technology. 2023. Vol. 25, N 8. 085506.

33. Zhao Y., Yue X., Zhang P. et.al. Removal mechanism and cleaning method of electroplating masking paint with a microwave plasma jet // Journal of Manufacturing Processes. 2024. Vol. 124. P. 1285–1293.

34. Nakamura T., Miyata K., Asaji T. et. al. Influence of atmospheric-pressure plasma on the peeling of paint // IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science. 2018. Vol. 47, N 2. P. 1051–1056.

35. Biederman H., Osada Y. Plasma Polymerization Process. Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1992.

36. Friedrich J. Mechanisms of plasma polymerization — reviewed from a chemical point of view // Plasma Processes and Polymers. 2011. Vol. 8, N 9. P. 783–802.

37. Merche D., Vandencasteele N., Reniers F. Atmospheric plasmas for thin film deposition : A critical review // Thin Solid Films. 2012. Vol. 520, N 13. P. 4219–4236.

38. Mertens J., Baneton J., Ozkan A. et al. Atmospheric pressure plasma polymerization of organics: effect of the presence and position of double bonds on polymerization mechanisms, plasma stability and coating chemistry // Thin Solid Films. 2019. Vol. 671. P. 64–76.

39. Bringmann P., Rohr O., Gammel F. J. et. al. Atmospheric pressure plasma deposition of adhesion promotion layers on aluminium // Plasma Processes and Polymers. 2009. Vol. 6, S1. S496–S502.

40. De Geyter N., Morent R., Leys C. et al. Treatment of polymer films with a dielectric barrier discharge in air, helium and argon at medium pressure // Surface and Coatings Technology. 2007. Vol. 201, N 16–17. P. 7066–7075.

41. Sarani A., De Geyter N., Nikiforov Y. et. al. Surface modification of PTFE using an atmospheric pressure plasma jet in argon and argon + CO₂ // Surface and Coatings Technology. 2012. Vol. 206, N 8–9. P. 2226–2232.

42. Petersen J., Fouquet T., Michel M. et. al. Enhanced adhesion over aluminum solid substrates by controlled atmospheric plasma deposition of amine-rich primers // ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 2012. Vol. 4, N 2. P. 1072–1079.

43. Mobarakeh L.F., Jafari R., Farzaneh M. Robust icephobic, and anticorrosive plasma polymer coating // Cold Regions Science and Technology. 2018. Vol. 151. P. 89–93.

44. Yang H., van Ooij W. J. Plasma deposition of polymeric thin films on organic corrosion-inhibiting paint pigments: a novel method to achieve slow release // Plasmas and Polymers. 2003. Vol. 8. P. 297–323.

45. Yang H., van Ooij W. J. Plasma-treated triazole as a novel organic slow-release paint pigment for corrosion control of AA2024-T3 // Progress in Organic Coatings. 2004. Vol. 50, N 3. P. 149–161.

46. Рыбкин В.В. Низкотемпературная плазма как инструмент модификации поверхности полимерных материалов // Соросов. образоват. журн. 2000. Т. 6, № 3. С. 58–63.

47. Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment of Polymers, Plasma surface modification of polymers: relevance to adhesion / M. Thomas, K.L. Mittal (Eds.). Scrivener Publishing, Wiley, Beverly, USA, 2013.

48. Preedy E.C., Brousseau E., Evans S.L. et. al. Adhesive forces and surface properties of cold gas plasma treated UHMWPE // Colloids & Surfaces A, 2014; doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.03.052

49. Cámara R.M., Crespo E., Portela R. et. al. Enhanced photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ thin films on plasma-pretreated organic polymers // Catalysis Today. 2014. Vol. 230. P. 145–151.

50. Bormashenko E., Grynyov R. Plasma treatment induced wetting transitions on biological tissue (pigeon feathers) // Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. 2012. Vol. 92. P. 367-371.

51. Multanen V., Chaniel G., Grynyov R. et al. Hydrophilization of liquid surfaces by plasma treatment // Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 2014. Vol. 461. P. 225–230.

52. Wolf R., Sparavigna A.C. Role of plasma surface treatments on wetting and adhesion // Engineering. 2010. Vol. 2. P. 397–402; DOI: 10.4236/eng.2010.26052

53. Borcia G., Brown N.M.D. Hydrophobic coatings on selected polymers in an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge // J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 2007. Vol. 40, N 7. P. 1927; DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/40/7/015

54. Borcia G., Anderson C.A., Brown N.M.D. Using a nitrogen dielectric barrier discharge for surface treatment // Plasma Sources Science and Technology. 2005. Vol. 14, N 2. P. 259.

55. Johansson B.L., Larsson A., Ocklind A. et. al. Characterization of air plasmatreated polymer surfaces by ESCA and contact angle measurements for optimization of surface stability and cell growth // Journal of applied polymer science. 2002. Vol. 86, N 10. P. 2618–2625.

56. Baniya H.B., Guragain R.P., Subedi D.P. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma technology for modifying polymers to enhance adhesion : A critical review // Progress in Adhesion and Adhesives. 2021. Vol. 6. P. 841–879.

57. Lommatzsch U., Noeske M., Degenhardt J. et. al. Pretreatment and surface modification of polymers via atmospheric-pressure plasma jet treatment // Polymer Surface Modification: Relevance to Adhesion. Vol. 4 / Ed. by K.L. Mittal. VSP, Leiden, 2007. P. 25–32.

58. Martinez M.A., Abenojar J., Lopez de Armentia S. Environmentally friendly plasma activation of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene and polydimethylsiloxane surfaces to improve paint adhesion // Coatings. 2018. Vol. 8, N 12. P. 428.

59. Pascual M., Balart R., Sanchez L. et. al. Study of the aging process of corona discharge plasma effects on low density polyethylene film surface // Journal of materials science. 2008. Vol. 43. P. 4901–4909.

60. Mortazavi M., Nosonovsky M. A model for diffusion-driven hydrophobic recovery in plasma treated polymers // Applied Surface Science. 2012. Vol. 258, N 18. P. 6876–6883.

61. Bormashenko E., Chaniel G., Grynyov R. Towards understanding hydrophobic recovery of plasma treated polymers: Storing in high polarity liquids suppresses hydrophobic recovery // Applied Surface Science. 2013. Vol. 273. P. 549–553.